Yes, you can nest images.
For example, if you create a folder called images
in your book's resources
folder, then you would type something like this in your book:
![optionally type a caption here](images/filename.png)
You can nest images further if you like. So, if you nested a sub-folder in in your images
folder, which is in your resources
folder, you could type something like this in your book:
![optionally type a caption here](images/subfoldername/filename.png)
You can name the subfolder whatever you like.